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"Church" and "rite" are understood in different ways and different lists of the particular churches and rites within the Catholic Church must be presented in accordance with the different understandings of these two words. ==Church== In Catholic teachings a church is an assembly of the faithful, hierarchically ordered, both in the entire world – the Catholic Church, or in a certain territory – a particular Church. To be a sacrament (a sign) of the Mystical Body of Christ in the world, a Church must have both a head and members (Col. 1:18).〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/dictionary/index.cfm?id=32533 )〕 The sacramental sign of Christ the Head is the sacred hierarchy – the bishops, priests and deacons.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07322c.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/ )〕 More specifically, it is the local bishop, with his priests and deacons gathered around and assisting him in his office of teaching, sanctifying and governing (Mt. 28:19–20; Titus 1:4–9). The sacramental sign of the Mystical Body is the Christian faithful. Thus the Church of Christ is fully present sacramentally (by way of a sign) wherever there is a sign of Christ the Head, a bishop and those who assist him, and a sign of Christ's Body, Christian faithful.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10663a.htm )〕 Each diocese is therefore a particular Church.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.ewtn.com/expert/answers/catholic_rites_and_churches.htm )〕 On the worldwide level the sign of Christ the Head is the Pope and, to be Catholic, particular churches, whether local churches or autonomous ritual churches must be in communion with this sign of Christ the Head,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url=http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/cfaith/documents/rc_con_cfaith_doc_28051992_communionis-notio_en.html )〕 Through this communion with Peter and his successors the Church becomes a universal sacrament of salvation in all times and places, even to the end of the age (Mt. 28:20).〔 The word "church" is applied to the Catholic Church as a whole, which is seen as a single church: the multiplicity of peoples and cultures within the Church and the great diversity of gifts, offices, conditions and ways of life of its members are not opposed to the Church's unity.〔(Catechism of the Catholic Church, 814 )〕 In this sense of "church", the list of churches in the Catholic Church has only one member, the Catholic Church itself (comprising Roman and Eastern Churches). Within the Catholic Church there are local particular churches, of which dioceses are the most familiar form. Other forms include territorial abbacies, apostolic vicariates and apostolic prefectures. The Code of Canon Law states: "Particular Churches, in which and from which the one and only Catholic Church exists, are principally dioceses. Unless the contrary is clear, the following are equivalent to a diocese: a territorial prelature, a territorial abbacy, a vicariate apostolic, a prefecture apostolic and a permanently established apostolic administration."〔(''Code of Canon Law'', canon 638 )〕 A list of Catholic dioceses, of which on 31 December 2011 there were 2,834,〔Vatican, ''Annuario Pontificio'' 2012, p. 1142.〕 is given at ''List of Catholic dioceses (alphabetical)''. Within the Catholic Church there are also aggregations of local particular churches that share a specific liturgical, theological, spiritual, and canonical heritage, distinguished from other heritages on the basis of culture and historical circumstances. These are known as autonomous ("sui iuris") churches. The 1990 Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches defines such a church as follows: "A group of Christ's faithful hierarchically linked in accordance with law and given express or tacit recognition by the supreme authority of the Church is in this Code called an autonomous Church."〔(Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 27 )〕 There are 24 such autonomous Catholic churches, one "Western" and 23 "Eastern", a distinction by now more historical than geographical. Although each of them has its own specific heritage, they are all in communion with the Pope in Rome. See the article on the Eastern Catholic Churches for a list of the 23 such churches. The total number of 24 is obtained by adding to these the Latin Church. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of Catholic rites and churches」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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